Causes and risk factors
Unlike any other cancer, science lacks the exact justification for this type of cancer too. In most of the cases, the cause remains idiopathic while a few studies have revealed certain predisposing factors like exposure to arsenic, vinyl chloride, von Recklinghausen disease, etc. Genetic factor, abnormal mutation in genes stimulating the cells is a major contributing factor.
Clinical presentation:
The complaints are often vague and unspecified and hence in early stages detection of cancer is difficult. Discomfort and distention of abdomen, pain in abdomen, fatigue, weight loss, and in few cases edema is commonly seen. Physical examination conducted reveals enlargement of the liver along with spleen; yellowish discoloration of the sclera, mucous membrane, and skin is also seen. The patient can present with signs of internal bleeding due to rupture of the angiosarcoma.
Investigations:
After obtaining the complete history, a general examination of the patient is carried out. MRI of the abdomen is carried out. Arteriography is the diagnostic tool. Biopsy is usually not done in such cases. However, if done, an open biopsy is recommended.
Treatment:
Staging of cancer, (i.e., advancement and spread of pathology) is the essential tool for formatting the treatment plan. However, the prognosis is very poor. Recurrence and high mortality rate is seen. Surgical resection is the choice of treatment. Radiation and chemotherapy do not provide satisfactory results.
