Causes and risk factors
Injury either due to fall or severe blow, falling of heavy object on the toe is the most important reason for the fracture. Road traffic accidents contribute to it. Repeated activities which imply great force on the bones like running or jumping can also lead to fracture. Such type of fracture are known as stress fracture. Osteoporosis is one of the commonest predisposing factors for fractures. Even teenagers are more prone for it as the bones are not completely hardened. Little toe fracture is more common in ballet dancers.
Clinical presentation:
Any fracture can present with pain of the affected bone, swelling may be seen Tenderness on palpation is present. Pain may be induced on activity or movement. Sharp, aching pain is felt. Deformity of the bone of affected side is seen. The fracture can either be a stable one or the bone can be displaced. In stable fracture the position of the bone is not disturbed but there persist only a fracture or a hairline crack.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done of the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and the physical examination carried out by the orthopedic doctor. Investigations which are done are X-ray of the bone. Routine X-rays or specialized digital X-rays along with CT scan and MRI are advised.
Treatment:
Rest and elevation of the affected area is the first step to be implemented. Analgesic, or non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs are advised by the orthopedic doctor. Splint or cast support is recommended for immobilization. Surgery for severe fractures is done. In cases of severe displaced fractures fixation devices like pin, plates or screws are used. Post surgical rehabilitation measures are recommended which includes-Monitoring of diet and nutrition, exercises for strengthening of muscles, use of proper protective guards while exercising and adventurous activities.
Other Modes of treatment:
Certain other modes of treatment can also be helpful in coping up the symptom. Taking into consideration the symptoms in holistic way, homoeopathy can offer a good aid for the relief of the symptoms. The Ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbs and synthetic derivates can also be beneficial in combating the complaints. Certain yoga exercises can also be helpful in strengthening the muscles
