Causes and risk factors
Byssinosis is caused due to inhalation of raw flax, hemp, cotton dust, or similar materials. Factors which increase the risk are asthma, allergies, and smoking.
Clinical presentation
Symptoms begin with the beginning of the work week and decrease by the end of the week. If there is a chronic exposure, symptoms continue throughout the week or even when the triggering factor is removed. The symptoms of byssinosis include breathing difficulties, chest tightness, wheezing, or cough.
Investigation
Medical history by the patient and clinical examination by the doctor helps in diagnosis. Chest x-ray, CT scan of lungs is advised. Pulmonary function test is recommended.
Treatment
The first step towards treatment is to avoid further exposure to the triggering dust. Medications such as bronchodilators are prescribed in cases where the symptoms are mild to moderate. Severe cases will require corticosteroids inhalers. Chronic cases will require respiratory treatment including nebulizers. Supplemental oxygen therapy is indicated if blood oxygen levels are low. Breathing exercise and physiotherapy is advised to improve lung health.
Other Modes of treatment
The other modes of treatment can also be effective in treating byssinosis. Homoeopathy is a science which deals with individualization and considers a person in a holistic way. This science can be helpful in combating the symptoms. Similarly, the Ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbal medicines and synthetic derivates is also found to be effective in treating byssinosis.
