Causes and risk factors
After using cocaine regularly for an extended period, dependence [addiction] develops. When dependence is present, stopping cocaine suddenly can lead to withdrawal.
Clinical presentation
Patients with cocaine addiction also have an underlying mental problem. Patient presents with depressed mood and anxiety and fatigue. He/she has difficulty concentrating, inability to feel pleasure. There is increased craving for cocaine and an irresistible desire. Physical symptoms include aches, pains, tremors, and chills. Patient gets vivid and unpleasant dreams. There is marked slowness of activity. The craving and depression can last for months following stoppage of long-term heavy use [particularly daily]. Withdrawal symptoms may also be associated with suicidal thoughts in some people. During withdrawal, there can be powerful, intense cravings for cocaine.
Investigation
Medical history by the patient and clinical examination by the doctor helps in diagnosis. A toxicological screening may be used for detection of intake of other drugs, if any. Other tests include blood chemistry, LFT, cardiac enzymes, CBC, EKG. Chest x ray, urinalysis may be advised.
Treatment
Support groups such as Cocaine Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous has helped many people to get rid of cocaine. Helplines also help in managing patients with cocaine withdrawal. Underlying mental disease must be treated. Psychotherapy involves cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational therapy which are being used to treat cocaine dependency.
Other Modes of treatment
The other modes of treatment can also be effective in treating cocaine withdrawal. Homoeopathy is a science which deals with individualization and considers a person in a holistic way. This science can be helpful in combating the symptoms. Similarly, the Ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbal medicines and synthetic derivates is also found to be effective in treating cocaine withdrawal.
