Causes and risk factors
Edematous laryngitis is caused as a result of acute laryngitis. The causes include: Trauma – external injuries like strangulation, cut throat, etc.; inhalation of hot, scalding fumes and acids, intubation trauma, block dissection of neck, and irradiation. Malignant conditions cause lymphatic obstruction and infection which lead to edematous larynx. Larynx is the most common site for angioneurotic edema which may be due to allergy to food, drugs, etc. non-specific causes include cardiac lesion, renal diseases, and obstruction of superior vena cava.
Clinical presentation
The symptoms are that of acute laryngitis. It includes marked stridor, hoarseness [dysphonia], inability to speak [aphonia], dryness of throat, sore throat, dry cough, trouble swallowing [dysphagia]. There is laborious breathing, difficulty in inspiration, and easy expiration. Tachycardia, rapid pulse is seen. Red, swollen, edematous mucous membrane around the epiglottis is seen.
Investigation
Medical history by the patient and clinical examination by the doctor helps in diagnosis. CBC may be done. Laryngoscopy may be performed.
Treatment
Treatment depends upon the underlying cause. Medical treatment involves steroids, antibiotics. Surgical treatment involves endotracheal intubation or even tracheostomy.
Other Modes of treatment
The other modes of treatment can also be effective in treating edematous laryngitis. Homoeopathy is a science which deals with individualization and considers a person in a holistic way. This science can be helpful in combating the symptoms. Similarly, the Ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbal medicines and synthetic derivates is also found to be effective in treating edematous laryngitis.
