Causes and risk factors
Exact cause of gastroschisis is not known. It is a kind of birth defect. The disorder occurs during pregnancy when the muscles of the abdomen of the fetus does not develop properly. As the intestine is not covered by protective sac, it is exposed to amniotic fluid causing irritation of bowel. Irritation causes bowel loop to shorten or twist. Intake of certain drugs during pregnancy leads to such conditions. Alcohol, smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of such congenital defects.
Clinical presentation
There is a lump in the abdomen. Patient has problems in movement and absorption in the gut. Irritation of bowel causing bowel loop to shorten or twist can occur. Intestine sticks through the abdominal wall near the umbilical cord.
Investigation
Medical history by the patient and clinical examination by the gynecologist and pediatrician helps in diagnosis. The condition can be diagnosed during pregnancy or after birth. During pregnancy, blood tests may reveal some abnormality. Prenatal ultrasound screening, CT scan, radiological imaging helps in diagnosis.
Treatment
Careful monitoring during pregnancy is necessary. Proper and careful delivery is required. Surgical correction of the defect by inserting the intestine back into the abdomen and closing the defect. Intravenous administration of nutrients and antibiotics is necessary. Proper monitoring and temperature regulation of the baby is required.
