Causes and risk factors
Exact cause of LS is not known. Risk factors for LS are post menopausal women, autoimmune diseases, thyroid disease, genetic predisposition, and certain infections.
Clinical presentation
Many times patient is asymptomatic. Lichen sclerosus produces smooth shiny patches which develop into plaques. The skin on plaques become thin and wrinkled which may tear easily. It produces red, purple coloured bruises. Sometimes there occurs scarring. Symptoms such as itching, discomfort are present. Bruising, bleeding cracks, blisters, ulcers occur. Patient may experience pain during intercourse when genital area is affected.
Investigation
Medical history by the patient and Clinical examination by the dermatologist helps in diagnosis. Skin biopsy may be taken for further evaluation.
Treatment
No treatment is required for asymptomatic patients. In many people, lichen sclerosus resolves by itself. Medications like oral or injectable corticosteroid will hasten recovery. Sometimes local applications like creams and ointments for the lesions may help as soothing agents. In males, circumcision surgery will help in managing lichen sclerosus.
Other Modes of treatment
The other modes of treatment can also be effective in treating lichen sclerosus. Homoeopathy is a science which deals with individualization considers a person in a holistic way. This science can be helpful in combating the symptoms. Similarly the ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbal medicines and synthetic derivates are also found to be effective in treating lichen sclerosus.
