Causes and risk factors
The exact etiology of this condition is not known. The growth of this extra bone is congenital; however, it is brought into notice by adolescence as the complaints appear. An injury caused due to fall or during a road traffic accident can trigger complaints. This condition is more commonly seen in soccer players, ballet dancers, or in athletes.
Clinical presentation:
The bony growth can occur in one or both the feet. Initially the patient remains asymptomatic, while a few experience pain and discomfort at the heel. A dull and deep aching pain is felt. Swelling along with restriction of movement occurs. Movement initiates pain. Repeated use of toe can lead to nutcracker injury; this is commonly seen in ballet dancers .On examination, tenderness is present.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and a local examination is carried out by the orthopedic doctor. An x-ray of the affected foot is usually diagnostic. Various other imaging tests like MRI or CT scan can also be done.
Treatment:
The treatment plan depends upon the severity of affection. In mild cases, the treatment plan consists of administration of medications like pain relieving medications or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Corticosteroid injections are given. Ice pack application can help to reduce the swelling. Rest and restricting the movement which initiates pain is advised. Along with this, physical exercise under the guidance of a trained physiotherapist is done. If complaints are not relieved, then surgical intervention is needed. It comprises of removal of the extra bone.
Other Modes of treatment:
Acupuncture is one of the other modes of treatment which seems to be giving effective results. Certain yoga exercises or physical exercises under a trained physiotherapist will help to strengthen the muscles and improve flexibility.
When to contact a doctor:
Seek advice from an orthopedic doctor if one experiences any pain, discomfort and swelling in the heel or behind the ankle joint.
System Involved: Musculoskeletal system
Organ involved: Muscles, bone, nerves, and talus
