Causes and risk factors
The exact cause for dermatitis is not known; however, studies have shown that certain factors are responsible for triggering this condition. It results from a combination of several factors. Overuse or prolonged use of topical steroids and exposure to ultraviolet radiation is the main reason. Hormonal changes along with intake of oral contraceptive pills can trigger this condition in women. Perioral dermatitis can also occur as a side effect of a variety of cosmetic products like face creams, sunscreens, etc. People with oily skin and those who do not take proper care of their skin are susceptible towards developing this condition. Infections harbor in such types of skin, particularly bacteria and yeast, which can trigger dermatitis. Studies have shown that use of fluorinated toothpaste can also cause dermatitis.
Clinical presentation:
The skin over the cheeks, chin, and upper lips are commonly affected. Appearance of small red eruptions which are reddish in color is seen. The skin surrounding these eruptions is pink. The affected skin is dry. Along with this, mild burning occurs. The skin feels sore and stretched; however, there is no itching felt. The eruptions can spread to other areas too, e.g., eruptions from lips can spread to mouth. Appearance or spread of eruptions to other areas like eyelids can also occur. This condition is termed as periorificial dermatitis.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and the physical examination carried out by the doctor. Patch test is a diagnostic test. Routine blood test, allergy test, and certain specialized blood tests for diagnosing the underlying cause can also be suggested.
Treatment:
Usually the complaints resolve in a few weeks to months. The dermatologist can recommend certain antifungal creams along with corticosteroid ointment. Use of calamine lotion (not for prolonged use in dry skin) is advised. Oral antibiotics can be administered in case of severe infection. Light therapy is an effective measure. Maintenance of good skin care needs to be implemented. Use of appropriate skin moisturizer is suggested, especially for dry skin. Bland soothing moisturizers are recommended. Exposure to certain chemicals and soaps should be avoided. In cases of sensitivity to certain substances, protective gloves or use of a barrier cream is advised. Adequate hydration and balanced nutritional intake is necessary.
Other modes of treatment:
Certain other modes of treatment can also be helpful in coping up with the symptoms. Taking into consideration the symptoms in a holistic way, homoeopathy can offer a good aid for the relief of the symptoms.
