Causes and risk factors
The scrotal masses can be due to various causes like accumulation of fluid, abnormal tissue growth; swelling of testicles etc. the condition can be benign or cancerous. The conditions that give rise to it are epididymitis, , enlarged scrotal veins, orchitis due to mumps, testicular torsion, hydrocoele , spermatocele, haematocele, varicocele, inguinal hernia , testicular cancer.
Clinical presentation
The symptoms depend upon the cause of the scrotal mass. There is pain in the scrotum which may radiate to the back, abdomen or throughout the groin. There is feeling of heaviness and discomfort in the scrotum. The testicles may be hardened, tender or swollen. The skin overlying the scrotum maybe red. Enlargement of scrotal veins can be observed. Associated symptoms may include presence of pus or blood in the urine, increased frequency of urination, fever, nausea, vomiting. Patient may complain of pain while walking, sitting, during intercourse.
Investigation
Medical history by the patient and Clinical examination by the doctor helps in diagnosis. Ultrasound with colour Doppler of the scrotum help in diagnosing the disease. Transillumination test is done. Urine test, various blood tests are advised. Imaging studies such as CT scan is useful for further evaluation
Treatment
Treatment depends upon the underlying cause. Antibiotics are required in case of infection. Surgical correction or surgical excision is needed in case of a non-cancerous mass. A combination of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy in cases of testicular cancer will help in managing the scrotal masses.
Other Modes of treatment
The other modes of treatment can also be effective in treating scrotal masses. Homoeopathy is a science which deals with individualization considers a person in a holistic way. This science can be helpful in combating the symptoms. Similarly the ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbal medicines and synthetic derivates are also found to be effective in treating scrotal masses.
