Causes and risk factors
Tooth decay is the most common cause of tooth abscess. Growth of bacteria due to infection in the gums or tooth decay can lead to formation of abscess.
Poor oral hygiene is a major contributing factor. Food or drinks of extremes of temperature can aggravate the pain.
Clinical presentation:
Pain in the affected teeth is the main symptom experienced by the patient. The pain is either mild or severe. It is sharp and cutting pain. The pain can be restricted to the oral cavity or may radiate to the ears of the affected side. Patient is sensitive to extremely cold liquids food intake or intake of sweet takes. Swelling at the affected side can be seen Fever, chills, nausea and vomiting can be the associated symptoms. The infection can spread to ear, throat or brain adding to the complications.
Investigations:
The symptoms narrated by the patient and the local examination carried out by the dentist can help in confirming the diagnosis. An X-ray of the affected tooth is advised for confirmation.
Treatment:
For reduction of abscess and infection antibiotics are prescribed. Root canal treatment is done. Drainage of the pus is needed. In severe cases the teeth along with its soft tissues are extracted. Maintenance of oral hygiene like brushing the teeth twice daily, regular flossing, gargling, cleaning the tongue surfaces needs to be implemented. Use of mouth washes for rinsing can also be helpful. Adequate hydration and proper nutrition should be taken.
