Causes and risk factors:
Dental infection is the main cause of trench mouth. Poor dental hygiene and weak immune system triggers the infection. Smoking, malnutrition, psychological stresses are other predisposing factors.
Clinical presentations:
The patient complains of severe pain and bleeding from the gums. It occurs on slight pressing of the gums. Ulcer formation on the gums occurs. The gums become bluish grey in color. Bad taste and odor from mouth are other symptoms seen. General malaise and fever are the other associated symptom.
Diagnosis and investigations:
Clinical examination of the teeth and gums carried out by the dentist helps in diagnosing the disease. In order to know the extension of infection an X-ray of teeth is advised. If some underlying suspected then other sets of investigations can also be advised.
Treatment:
If there persist some underlying diseases then treatment of the underlying cause is essential. Antibiotics are administered to combat the infection. Maintenance of oral hygiene like brushing the teeth twice daily, regular flossing, gargling, cleaning the tongue surfaces needs to be implemented. Use of mouth washes for rinsing can also be helpful. Adequate hydration and proper nutrition should be taken.
