Causes and risk factors
The exact cause of this condition is not known. Studies have revealed that yellow nail syndrome is commonly associated with malignant condition of internal organs, certain immunodeficient diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis. Recurrent infection of pleura, sinuses, bronchiectasis and chronic bronchitis is commonly associated with this condition.
Symptoms
The patient usually comes up with complaints of thickening and discoloration of nails. The nails become yellow or green in color. Pain on pressure is experienced. The shine and luster of the nails is lost. They become fragile and easily break off. The nails are separated from the nail beds. Along with affection of nails, lymph edema is also associated. Swelling is another characteristic feature seen. Swelling occurs in hands, feet, and genital area. More commonly swelling in lower extremities are seen. Respiratory conditions like chronic cough, infection of pleura, and infection of sinuses are also commonly seen.
Investigations
The diagnosis is done on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and physical examination carried out by the dermatologist. Clinical presence of affection of nails, lymphedema, and respiratory affection itself helps in confirmation of the condition. However, certain investigations which can be advised are complete blood count, x-ray of chest, pulmonary function test, etc., can be done.
Treatment
Treatment consists of application of topical vitamin E solution. Nutritional supplements of vitamin E along with zinc supplements are also advised. Antifungal medications are advised as they help to speed up the growth of healthy nails. Diuretic and low fat diet needs to be followed. In case of severe respiratory affection, surgical intervention is needed.
Other modes of treatment:
Certain other modes of treatment can also be helpful in coping up with the disease. Taking into consideration the symptoms in a holistic way, homoeopathy can offer a good aid for the relief of the symptoms. The Ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbs and synthetic derivates can also be beneficial in combating the complaints.
