Causes and risk factors
Repetitive straining and overuse of the tendon causes inflammation of the tendon. Factors causing achillis tendinitis are lack of flexibility, over pronation, recent changes in footwear, changes in exercise, training schedules. Often long distance runners will have symptoms of Achilles tendonitis after increasing their distance .As people age, tendons, like other tissues in the body, become less flexible, more rigid, and more susceptible to injury. Hence, middle-age recreational athletes are most susceptible to Achilles tendonitis.
Clinical presentation
Pain in the heel when walking or running. Trouble in standing up on toe is experienced. The tendon is usually painful and stiff in the morning. It is painful to touch or move. The skin over the tendon may be swollen and warm.
Investigation
Medical history by the patient and Clinical examination by the doctor helps in diagnosis. An X ray of the ankle joint recommended. Ultrasound or MRI scan is advised for further evaluation.
Treatment
Treatment involves medicines like analgesics, NSAIDs. Injection of corticosteroids into the area of the Achilles tendon is contraindicated as it precipitates rupture. Doctor may advise rest, changes in type and level of activity, stretching and strengthening exercises. Conservative measures like ice application, massage, alternating hot and cold baths will also help in managing achillis tendonitis. Orthotic shoe inserts, heel lifts inside the shoes, casts and splints will help in giving relief. Physiotherapy may contribute further to the treatment. Surgery is rarely needed but can remove bone spurs or the bony prominence of the heel bone.
Other Modes of treatment
The other modes of treatment can also be effective in treating achillis tendonitis. Homoeopathy is a science which deals with individualization considers a person in a holistic way. This science can be helpful in combating the symptoms. Similarly the ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbal medicines and synthetic derivates are also found to be effective in treating achillis tendonitis .
