Causative and risk factors
Baker’s cyst is formed due to excess of synovial fluid production, the fluid which helps knee joint to function smoothly. Various forms of arthritis can increase synovial fluid production such as rheumatoid arthritis, degenerative arthritis and osteoarthritis. Lyme disease, trauma or any condition that damages the meniscus can give rise to Baker’s cyst.
Clinical presentation
Baker’s cyst can be asymptomatic as well as not noticeable in some cases. Sometimes symptoms may be produced such as pain and stiffness in the knee, swelling behind the knee and reduced range of motion.
Diagnosis & Investigations
Your doctor can diagnose baker’s cyst based upon your symptoms and physical examination alone. However to rule out any serious disorder, your doctor may order imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI.
Treatment
Most of the time treatment is not required for baker’s cyst as it resolves on its own. Treatment if required is aimed at identifying and treating the underlying cause. Anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed to reduce pain and inflammation. Aspiration of the fluid may be performed under ultrasound guidance. Physical therapy is recommended to maintain knee function. Rarely surgery is required to remove the cyst.
Recent updates
Certain studies have found that the incidence of popliteal cysts increases with advancing age.
