Causes and risk factors:
The exact cause of cutis vertices is still not known. Studies have shown that it is mostly associated with some underlying factor. Cutis vertices are classified as per the causative factor. It is of 3 types: primary essential, primary nonessential, and secondary type. Appearance of furrows and folds is said to be caused due to some unknown reasons. This is termed as primary essential type. Primary nonessential is often associated with certain neurological or psychiatric causes like cerebral palsy, seizures, or epilepsy, etc. It can also be associated with ophthalmic disorders like cataracts. Certain skin conditions like eczema, psoriasis, folliculitis, impetigo, or acne. Endocrine diseases like acromegaly, etc., also contributes to the causation. These are termed as secondary causes.
Clinical presentation:
The common site of affection is the scalp. Either a part of scalp or entire scalp is involved. Mostly the back and central portion of the scalp is affected. Single or multiple lesions can be seen. Formation of folds and furrows occurs. These folds resemble like the surface of brain. The number of folds vary from 2-10. The folds are soft and spongy and have the color of skin. They do not cause any pain or discomfort; however, they hamper the cosmetic appearance.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the parents. Along with this, local examination of the scalp is carried out by the doctor. Usually no investigations are required for confirming this condition. Investigations or ophthalmic advice is required in order to find out the underlying cause.
Treatment:
Maintaining good scalp hygiene is of utmost importance. There is no conservative treatment for this. Surgical excision of the lesion can be done for cosmetic purpose.
When to contact a doctor:
Contact a dermatologist if one notices any furrows or folds on the scalp.
System involved: Integumentary system.
Organ involved: Skin, tissues, scalp
