Causes and risk factors
The exact mechanism and cause about dermatofibroma is still not clear. There occurs proliferation of dermal dendritic histiocyte cells. Studies have shown that these lesions are commonly seen in areas where minor injuries have occurred or areas of prick or insect bites. They are also said to be associated with certain autoimmune disorders. A weak immune system makes it more prone for such infections.
Clinical presentation:
There are various histological types of dermatofibroma – cholesterol type, cellular type, aneurysmal, palisading, atypical and lipidized “ankle type.” Dermatofibroma is characterized by formation of a nodule-like eruption on the skin. Skin all over the body can be affected; however, particularly the skin over the legs and arms are more commonly affected. Large numbers of eruptions are seen in a few cases. On squeezing the overlying skin, it forms a dimple. This nodule is firm on touching. There is itching and tenderness around the nodule. The color varies; in the initial stage it is red in color and gradually it can become pink to dark pink to yellowish brown in color. These lesions tend to persist for long. However, they do not cause any other subjective complaints.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and the physical examination carried out by the dermatologist. The doctor examines the lesion through a dermatoscope. Skin biopsy is diagnostic. Certain other investigations if needed can also be advised.
Treatment:
Dermatofibroma tends to persist for long. However, the conservative mode of treatment has no effective role in this. Freezing with the help of liquid nitrogen is done. Excision of the lesion is another method adopted.
Complications:
Dermatofibroma usually do not cause any complications.
When to contact a doctor:
Recommendation of an expert in the field of dermatology is advised in case if one notices any new growth on the skin, and itching.
Prevention:
As the exact cause of dermatofibroma is not known, the preventive measures too cannot be elicited.
System involved: Integumentary system
Organ involved: Skin
