Causes and risk factors
Lodgment of the foreign particles is the main causative factor. The common causative particles are eyelashes, dust, saw dust, or metal or glass particles. It is more commonly seen during riding a vehicle where the wind causes the displacement of particles into the eye. Accidental lodgment of particles can occur during the use of instruments like hammer, lawn mower, etc., or people working at construction sites or those doing fieldwork, as farmers are more prone to this condition. Certain use of cosmetics can also lead to the lodgment of the particle which can irritate the eyes. Particles entering the eyes during explosion or accidents is another contributing factor.
Clinical presentation:
Complaints are usually mild. Irritation of eyes, watering, and pain are the predominant features seen. Pricking type of pain occurs. Burning can be felt. This leads to continuous blinking of the eyes. Rubbing of eyes can lead to redness and mild visual disturbances. Irritation can lead to infection. Foreign body can also cause abrasions on the cornea. Severe injuries can lead to discharge of pus and even bleeding from the eyes. Visual disturbances and even blindness can occur in severe penetrating injuries.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and the examination carried out by the ophthalmologist. The eyes are examined using magnifying instruments. In mild cases, no other investigations are required. In severe cases, CT scan is advised.
Treatment:
In mild cases, self-help can help to resolve the complaints. However, certain measures need to be taken. Gently rinse the eye using water. However, do not apply pressure on the eye or do not blink the eye continuously. Apply bandage to the eye using clean cotton. In case if the complaint does not resolve, refer to the ophthalmologist. The doctor will remove the particle using magnifying instruments. Pain relieving medications are advised. In case of corneal abrasions, antibiotic eye drops are advised. In severe cases like injury caused due to explosion, surgical intervention is needed. Use of protective eyewears during work or riding a vehicle is must.
Other Modes of treatment:
Certain other modes of treatment can also be helpful in coping up with the disease. Taking into consideration the symptoms in a holistic way, homoeopathy can offer a good aid for the relief of the symptoms. The Ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbs and synthetic derivates can also be beneficial in combating the complaints.
