Causes and risk factors
As lacrosse is a rough contact sport, running and side-to-side cutting is the common cause of injury. Overuse of muscles and tendons and excessive training, lack of adequate warm-ups prior to game, poor conditioning, improper handling of the equipment are certain factors which can predispose one to this condition. Skeletal immaturity and weak muscles are some of the intrinsic factors which can make the person vulnerable for easy injuries.
Clinical presentation:
Ankle sprain, fracture of the ankle joint or metatarsal bones or Lisfranc injuries are commonly seen in this sport. Children and newly trained players involved in this sport can develop calcaneal apophysitis. Overuse of the muscles and excessive force can cause heel pain. Tendonitis and stress fractures, sesamoiditis, Achilles tendonitis, and plantar fasciitis are commonly seen. Like any other injury, pain, swelling, restriction of movement are common complaints seen. Dull aching pain which is aggravated by movement or even at rest is complained by the patient. Stiffness and tenderness occurs. The location varies as per the muscle, bone, or ligament involved.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and a local examination is carried out by the orthopedic doctor. An x-ray of the affected foot is usually sufficient for diagnosis. Advanced imaging techniques like MRI or CT scan along with routine and specialized blood tests can also be done.
Treatment:
The treatment plan depends upon the severity and the type of injury. Rest and elevation of the affected area is the first step to be implemented. Analgesic or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are advised by the orthopedic doctor. Splint or cast support is recommended for immobilization. Application of ice can be done to reduce the swelling. Surgery is needed for severe fractures or ligament or tendon tear. In cases of severe displaced fractures, fixation devices like pin, plates, or screws are used. Postsurgical rehabilitation measures are recommended which includes monitoring of diet and nutrition, exercises for strengthening of muscles, use of proper protective guards while exercising and adventurous activities.
Other Modes of treatment:
Certain yoga exercises or physical exercises under a trained physiotherapist will help to strengthen the muscles and improve the flexibility.
When to contact a doctor:
Seek an advice from an orthopedic doctor if one experiences any pain, discomfort, or swelling of the foot.
Prevention:
Use of appropriate protective gloves and guards and following the rules and regulations along with adequate warms-ups prior to games is an essential measure which one must follow to prevent injury during sports.
System Involved: Musculoskeletal system
Organ involved: Muscles, bone, nerves, ankle, heel, foot, tendon, and ligament
