Causes and risk factors
Hyperflexion of the extensor digitorum tendon causes mallet finger. This can occur while catching a ball if it hits the outstretched finger, general falls while walking, blunt injury, or trauma to the finger.
Clinical presentation
Patient complains of inability to extend the affected finger joint, [i.e., distal IP]. The tip of finger is more bent than intended. There is pain and numbness in finger. Unable to perform activity using the finger is faced. There is hyperflexion of the affected part, which remains in same position until made straight manually.
Investigations
Medical history by the patient and clinical examination by the doctor helps in diagnosis. An x-ray of the joint is required. MRI may be needed in severe cases.
Treatment
Application of cold or ice immediately after injury helps in preventing mallet finger. Elevating the arm is helpful. Use of mallet splint for 6 to 8 weeks will also help in managing mallet finger. Surgery may be required to reattach the tendon.
Complications
Complications such as permanent flexion of the part of the finger may occur. Easy fractures may occur.
When to Contact a Doctor
One must consult a doctor if the finger remains flexed and is painful even after several days of injury.
Prevention
Application of cold or ice immediately after injury helps in preventing mallet finger.
Systems involved
Musculoskeletal system
Organs involved
Fingers of hands.
