Causes and risk factors
The exact cause of microglossia is not known. It is a congenital defect.
Clinical presentation
In most cases, microglossia often occurs associated with other disorders like abnormality of limbs, or grouped together as hypoglossia-hypodactylia syndrome. Patient with microglossia also has cleft palate. It is also associated with hypoplasia of the jaw. Speech development is usually good, but depends upon the size of the tongue.
Investigations
Medical history by the patient and clinical examination by the doctor helps in diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment depends upon the severity of condition. Oral function can be improved by surgery and orthodontics.
Complications
Complications such as speech abnormalities can occur.
When to Contact a Doctor
One must consult a doctor if there are speech abnormalities along with other developmental disorders.
Systems involved
CNS
Organs involved
Tongue
