Causes and risk factors
Viral parotitis is called mumps which is common in children. Parotitis is usually caused by bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Predisposing factors include general debility, poor oral hygiene, dry mouth, elderly persons, and people with diabetes.
Clinical presentation
Tender, diffuse enlargement of parotid gland is seen. Redness, swelling in front of the ear can be seen. It may be warm to touch. The opening of parotid duct in the cheek becomes inflamed. Patient complains of pain during mastication. Trismus occurs. There may be accompanied symptoms such as fever, malaise, weakness, and anorexia. The infection may develop into an abscess. Abscess can be single or may coalesce to form a large abscess.
Investigation
Medical history by the patient and clinical examination by the doctor helps in diagnosis. Routine hemogram is advised. Examination of saliva from affected gland reveals the organism. Smear, culture, and antibiotic sensitivity of the saliva may be required. An ultrasound of the neck may be performed.
Treatment
Medical treatment involves analgesics, antibiotics, NSAIDs, and antipyretics. Oral hygiene should be improved by antiseptic gargles and dental care. Underlying cause, if any, must be treated, such as diabetes. Surgery, i.e., incision and drainage, is needed in case of abscess.
Other Modes of treatment
The other modes of treatment can also be effective in treating parotitis. Homoeopathy is a science which deals with individualization and considers a person in a holistic way. This science can be helpful in combating the symptoms. Similarly, the Ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbal medicines and synthetic derivates are also found to be effective in treating parotitis.
