Causes and risk factors
This condition is more commonly seen in people who are engaged in certain sports activity. Use of improper shoe wears or improper training or sudden increase in training program which leads to strain and stress on the tendon are the major causative factors causing tendinosis. Repetitive or overuse of the tendon as in running or jumping activities also contributes to the same. People who possess an abnormality in the postures of the hind foot are more susceptible for developing this condition.
Clinical presentation:
Unilateral or bilateral affection can be seen. Usually both the tendons are affected. Pain is the important feature seen. It is particularly seen at the back of the ankle. Dull aching pain is felt. Pain is aggravated by movement. Swelling can be seen. On examination, tenderness is present. The overlying skin is warm to touch.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient along with clinical examination carried out by the orthopedic doctor. The history is noted down. X-ray can be done. Advanced imaging techniques like MRI or CT scan can also be done.
Treatment:
The treatment plan consists of administration of medication like pain reliving medications. Modification in shoes for relieving the pain and pressure while walking are suggested. A CAM Walker boot or ankle brace is advised. Physical therapy exercises are advised under a trained physiotherapist. If the conservative mode of treatment is not effective in treating the condition, surgical intervention is needed, where resection of the tendon is done.
Other modes of treatment:
Certain yoga exercises or physical exercises under a trained physiotherapist will help to strengthen the muscles and improve the flexibility.
Acupuncture which is the science of insertion of needles at pressure points is effective in treating the condition.
When to contact a doctor:
Contact an orthopedic doctor if one experiences any pain and discomfort behind the ankle.
System involved: Musculoskeletal system
Organ involved: Skin, tissues, nerves, bones, peroneal tendons
