Causes and risk factors
The exact cause is still not clear. Certain genetic factors seem to be responsible. Trauma can trigger the growth of a nodule.
Clinical presentation:
Initially when the lump is small, the patient can remain asymptomatic. One or both the feet can be affected. The size of the lump is usually small and it grows gradually. It is mostly one in number. Presence of a lump at the sole is the characteristic feature seen. It is present between the heel and the ball of the foot. The lump is tender to touch and it can increase in size or it can remain unchanged. Pain is experienced at the foot. It is aggravated by walking or on standing due to pressure. The pain can radiate to the toe.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient along with clinical examination carried out by the orthopedic doctor. X-ray can be done. Advanced imaging techniques like MRI or CT scan can also be done. A biopsy of the lump is diagnostic.
Treatment:
The treatment plan consists of administration of medication like pain reliving medications or corticosteroid medications. Steroid injections can be given. Modification in shoes for relieving the pain and pressure while walking are suggested. Physical therapy exercises are advised under a trained physiotherapist. As this conservative mode of treatment is not effective in treating the lump, surgical removal of the lump is needed.
Other modes of treatment:
Certain yoga exercises or physical exercises under a trained physiotherapist will help to strengthen the muscles and improve flexibility.
Acupuncture, which is the science of insertion of needles at pressure points, is effective in treating the condition.
Complications:
The aggressive form of plantar fibromatosis where multiple and faster growing lumps are seen, affection of the skin, muscle layer, arteries, and nerves can occur.
When to contact a doctor:
Contact an orthopedic doctor if one experiences any pain and discomfort in the sole of the foot.
System involved: Musculoskeletal system
Organs involved: Skin, tissues, nerves, bones, and fascia.
