Causes and risk factors
The infection is caused due to Ross River viruses and is spread through the bite of female mosquito. When a female mosquito bites an infected animal like kangaroo or wallabies, the infection spreads to the mosquito. When the mosquito infected with the virus bites any human being, the virus is transmitted. Certain risks factors have also been laid down. People suffering from diseases like tuberculosis, HIV, where immunity is compromised, are at high risk for developing the infection.
Clinical presentation:
The incubation period is 1-2 weeks. The infection occurring in children does not cause many symptoms, but the severity increases as the age increases. The cardinal symptom of the infection is the involvement of multiple joints – knee, wrist, ankle, and small finger joints are more commonly affected. There occurs pain, swelling, and stiffness of the joints and 1-10 days after the onset of the arthritis there occurs appearance of rash. The rash is commonly seen on trunk and limbs. Sensation of pricking of pins and needles is complained by the patient. The patient’s sole and palms are tender. Enlargement of lymph nodes of the groin region or the armpit occurs. Fever, chills, headache, and fatigue are the other associated complaints seen.
Investigations:
The diagnosis is confirmed on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and certain physical examination is carried out by the doctor. Exclusion of other illnesses and conducting a routine blood test are the only diagnostic tools.
Treatment:
There is no specific treatment or vaccination available for Ross River infection. The treatment aims at symptomatic relief. Proper rest is advised along with certain exercises. Usually the patient completely recovers within a year. Vector control is the only preventive method. Along with this, use of mosquito repellants, bed nets, and long sleeved covered clothes can be helpful in preventing oneself from the mosquito bite. Proper hygiene and maintenance of sanitation should be adopted.
Other Modes of treatment:
Certain other modes of treatment can also be helpful in coping up with the disease. Taking into consideration the symptoms in a holistic way, homoeopathy can offer a good aid for the relief of the symptoms. The Ayurvedic system of medicine, which uses herbal and certain synthetically prepared medicines, can also be effective in combating the symptoms.
