Causative and risk factors
The exact cause of seborrheic dermatitis is not known. It may be due to infection with yeast called Malassezia. Certain factors that have been linked with seborrheic dermatitis include stress, extreme changes in weather, oily skin, obesity or HIV infection.
Improper cleaning of skin or scalp or use of cosmetics or products containing alcohol on the skin is also associated with seborrheic dermatitis. It may sometimes be hereditary.
Clinical presentation
Seborrheic dermatitis leads to redness of the affected skin or scalp. There is formation of scales of dandruff which is white or yellow in color. There is greasiness and itching of affected parts. There is formation of crusts is esp. if the scalp is affected. There may be loss of hair in the affected part.
Investigations
Diagnosis is based on history taking and physical examination. Occasionally a skin biopsy may be advised.
Treatment
It may not be possible to cure seborrheic dermatitis. Seborrheic dermatitis usually lasts throughout the person’s life, with frequent relapses and remissions. However, the symptoms can be controlled with treatment. Medicated shampoos and lotions are recommended to the patient. Oral medications are occasionally used.
