Causative & risk factors
Shaking a baby violently or throwing it can cause shaken baby syndrome. These activities can cause the brain tissue, nerves and blood vessels to develop tears. This can cause edema or hemorrhage into the brain, thus causing severe brain damage.
Clinical presentation
The symptoms of the baby are variable and are dependent upon the type and severity of injury.
In cases with mild injury, the baby may develop sluggishness, vomiting and a lack of appetite.
In cases with severe injury, the baby may develop retinal hemorrhage, fractures, seizures, hearing problems and even loss of consciousness. Sometimes the child may go into a coma.
Investigations
After the baby’s medical history is taken, a thorough physical examination is performed to look for signs of damage. Imaging studies such as X-rays, CT or MRI scans of the brain are performed. A lumbar puncture may be done to examine the cerebro-spinal fluid.
Treatment
Depending upon the severity of injury, the baby may need to be hospitalized. Oxygen therapy is given if necessary. Medications will be prescribed depending upon the baby’s symptoms. Some babies may need surgical intervention.
