Causes and risk factors:
The exact cause is not known. However certain predisposing factors have been put forth. Exposures to high doses of chemical, exposure to radiation are some are the contributing factors. In some cases genetic factor is the main causation. Infection by herpex simplex and weak immune system individuals is more prone.
Clinical presentations:
In the initially stage sarcomas do not show any signs and symptoms, later as the tumor grows it becomes a palpable mass. Symptoms develop as per the area of affection and the soft tissue involved. The swelling can cause compression on the nerves leading to complaints of tingling and numbness. In cases when the swelling is seen in gastrointestinal region it can cause gastric complaints like severe pain in abdomen, indigestion, altered bowel movement and pain during menstruation. Other general symptoms associated with cancer are weight loss, loss of appetite and general fatigue.
Diagnosis and investigations:
Diagnosis is done of the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and the physical examination carried out by the doctor. Biopsy of the lymph nodes (excision or FNAC).Routine blood test and a profile of specialized blood test like bone marrow test, immunoglobulin determination test, and X-ray, MRI or CT scans of the chest, abdomen and pelvis are suggested.
Treatment:
In cases where the patient is asymptomatic no treatment or watchful wait is required. Patients who suffer from marked systemic complaints needs to be treated immediately. Staging of diseases is done and treatment is plan is designed. Chemotherapy is the main therapy recommended. Radiotherapy must be adopted. Surgical intervention comprises of removal of the cancerous tissues.
Other modes of treatment:
The other modes of treatment can also be effective in treating the pain. Homoeopathy is a science which deals with individualization and considers a person in a holistic way. This science can be helpful in combating the symptoms. The Ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbs and synthetic derivates can also be beneficial in combating the complaints.
Recent update:
European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer carried out a new study which does not support administration of intensified doxorubicin and ifosfamide for palliation of advanced soft tissue sarcoma, unless the objective is to shrink the tumor.
