Causes and risk factors
Sporotrichosis is caused due to the fungus Sporothrix schenckii. This fungus is grows on thick bushes like rose or barberry. The infection mostly spread through punctured wound. The fungus can directly enter the body through these wounds. Hence it is commonly seen in farmers, gardeners, horticultures etc. People with diabetes and weak immune system are more prone for such infection.
Clinical presentation:
The complaints are seen 1-12 weeks of exposure to fungus. The common site of affection is skin and lymph nodes. Rarely the other parts of the body like lungs and joints can be affected. The manifestation of the infection on skin is seen in form of nodule initially. The nodule is first formed on the fingers of the upper extremity over a period it breaks of forming ulcers. The infection then enters the lymphatics, nodules and ulceration is seen at the entire course of the lymphatic drainage. In some of the cases pain can be an associating complaint. Affection of the joints can cause pain in joint which is aggravated by movement, while that of lungs can lead to chest pain and cough, fever and shortness of breath. It can lead to development of pneumonia.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done of the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and the physical examination carried out by the doctor. Cultures of the discharges and biopsy is diagnostic. Routine blood test and urines test can also be advised. In severe cases certain other investigations can also be recommended.
Treatment:
Administration of antifungal medication is the first line of treatment. Usually oral administration is advised. In severe cases the person is hospitalized and intravenous fluid administration is started. Rest and a well balanced food intake are recommended. Use of protective gloves or using long sleeved clothes while planting, or during farming is the only preventive measure.
Other Modes of treatment:
Certain other modes of treatment can also be helpful in coping up the disease. Taking into consideration the symptoms in holistic way, homoeopathy can offer a good aid for the relief of the symptoms. The Ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbs and synthetic derivates can also be beneficial in combating the complaints.
