Causes and risk factors
As the name suggest fracture is caused due to prolonged stress. Repeated activities which imply great force on the bones like running or jumping cause stress fracture. Stress fracture is more common in women’s after menopause as reduced levels of estrogen results in weakening of bone. Osteoporosis is one of the commonest predisposing factor for stress fractures. Even teenagers are more prone for it as the bones are not completely hardened. People who have started some new exercises or initiation of some activity without a proper training or guidance have chances of developing stress fracture. Anatomical abnormalities of the bones e.g.: flat foot, high or rigid arches also contribute for bone fracture. Certain medications, prolonged use of steroids and some metabolic diseases are other predisposing factors.
Clinical presentation:
Stress fracture can present with pain of the affected bone, swelling may be see. Tenderness on palpation is present. Pain may be induced on activity or movement. Sharp, aching pain is felt.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done of the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and the physical examination carried out by the orthopedic doctor. investigations which are done are X-ray of the bone,. Routine X-rays usually do not detect stress fractures hence specialized digital X-rays along with CT scan and MRI are advised.
Treatment:
Rest and elevation of the affected area is the first step to be implemented. Analgesic, or non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs are advised by the orthopedic doctor. Splint or cast support is recommended for immobilization. Surgery for severe fractures is done. Monitoring of diet and nutrition, exercises for strengthening of muscles, use of proper foot wares while exercising, activity or exercises for beginners should be started under the guidance of a trainer are some of the preventive methods which must be followed.
Other Modes of treatment:
Certain other modes of treatment can also be helpful in coping up the symptom. Taking into consideration the symptoms in holistic way, homoeopathy can offer a good aid for the relief of the symptoms. The Ayurvedic system of medicine which uses herbs and synthetic derivates can also be beneficial in combating the complaints. Certain yoga exercises can also be helpful in strengthening the muscles
