Causes and risk factors
The exact cause of SIDS is not known. Several factors in combination can result in sudden death. Genetic cause is the main predisposing factor. Abnormalities in brain, developmental defects leading to poor or uncontrolled reflexes are one theory. Respiratory infection and low birth weight, temperature variations, obstruction in sleep space of the child which alters the breathing pattern are other causes which can trigger sudden death syndrome. Premature babies or twins are certain risk factors. Some maternal causes like early age pregnancy (before 20), old age pregnancy, smoking or alcohol, inadequate pre maternal care are the other factors responsible.
Symptoms
Sudden death of the infant occurs. The parents come up with complaint that they had jus fed the baby and had placed the baby on bed or in crib for sleeping. In some cases there is a history of vomiting and diarrhea in babies for a week or so prior to death. Posture off baby while sleeping over the stomach or on sides has been reported mystery in such unexplained deaths.
Diagnosis:
There is no specific diagnostic test for confirming sudden death syndrome. Diagnosis can be made on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the parents. A detail medical history of the parents, pregnancy details and history of the baby is noted down. Different investigations are done to rule out the other causes of death.Counselling and emotional support to the family needs to be extended for prevention of such episodes in future. Proper baby care practices are advised.
Recent update:
Co-sleeping with a baby in a bed, on a sofa or in an armchair may lead to cot death, warn Government health advisors. National Institute For Clinical Excellence (Nice) warn parents not to fall asleep with their babies until at least they turn one year old as there are increased chances of suffocating them when they are asleep.
