Causes and risk factors
The exact etiology of this condition is not known. Injury due to a variety of causes is the main contributing factor seen. Commonly, inversion injury to the lateral ligament is seen. Certain non- traumatic conditions can also cause lead to the its affection. Ischemic necrosis of the talus is another common cause. In certain cases, this condition is commonly seen in members of the same family.
Clinical presentation:
Pain is the characteristic symptom seen. Dull aching pain, long long-term pain is experienced at the ankle region. Swelling is seen, however, it is on and off, . Stiffness, weakness, and difficulty in walking are other associated complaints seen. Sometimes a ” “click” or popping sound is heard from the ankle joint while walking. Sensation of ‘locking’ or ‘catch’ feeling is felt in the ankle. On examination, tenderness is felt behind the lateral malleolus.
Investigations:
Diagnosis is done on the basis of the symptoms narrated by the patient and a local examination is carried out by the orthopedic doctor. Injecting of an anesthetic in the affected joint is diagnostic. Along with this, certain investigations like x-ray or MRI is done.
Treatment:
The treatment plan depends upon the severity of affection. In mild cases, the treatment plan consists of administration of medications like pain relieving medications or non steroidal anti anti-inflammatory drugs. Application of cast or use of special boots for immobilization is advised. Along with this, physical exercise under the guidance of a trained physiotherapist is done. Wearing of an ankle brace is suggested. In severe cases, surgical treatment is needed.
Other Modes of treatment:
Acupuncture is one of the certain other modes of treatment which seems to be giving effective results. Certain yoga exercises or physical exercises under a trained physiotherapist will help to strengthening the muscles and improve the flexibility.
Complications:
Over a period of time, severe damage to the ankle joint can lead to arthritis resulting in chronic pain, restriction of movement, and swelling.
When to contact a doctor:
Seek an advice from an orthopedic doctor if one experiences any pain, discomfort, and or swelling in the ankle joint.
Facts and Figures:
Among all the osteochondral lesions of the body, osteochondral lesion of talus accounts for 4% of cases.
System Involved: Musculoskeletal system
Organ involved: Muscles, bone, nerves, and talus
